Outline

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Methodology
  • 2.1. Iaq Assessment in 11 Fitness Centers
  • 2.2. Iaq Assessment in 3 Selected Fitness Centers
  • 2.2.1. Continuous Measurements of Gases
  • 2.2.2. Particle Sampling and Measurement
  • 2.2.3. Elemental Composition of Pm10
  • 2.2.4. Nanoparticle Deposition
  • 3. Results and Discussion
  • 3.1. Part 1: Iaq in 11 Fitness Centers
  • 3.2. Ventilation Rates
  • 3.3. Part 2: Iaq Assessment in Three Fitness Centers
  • 3.3.1. Continuous Measurements of Gases
  • 3.3.2. Levels of Particulate Matter
  • 3.3.3. Nanoparticle Lung Deposition
  • 4. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References

رئوس مطالب

  • چکیده
  • 1. مقدمه
  • 2. روش مطالعه
  • 1.2 ارزیابی کیفیت هوای داخل ساختمان در یازده مرکز تناسب اندام
  • 2.2 ارزیابی کیفیت هوای داخل ساختمان در 3 مرکز تناسب اندام منتخب
  • 1.2.2 ارزیابی های مستمر گازها
  • 2.2.2 نمونه برداری و ارزیابی ذرات
  • 3.2.2 ترکیب عنصری PM10
  • 4.2.2 رسوب نانوذرات
  • 3.نتایج و توضیحات
  • 1.3 بخش 1: کیفیت هوای داخل ساختمان در 11 مرکز تناسب اندام

Abstract

Physical activity has become a social need among people and it has been clearly proved that exercise is a way to prevent all-cause and cardiovascular-related death, diabetes mellitus and obesity. However, athletes and the common individual can be at risk when they are practicing exercise in polluted environments. In 2012, a monitoring program was undertaken in 11 fitness centers from Lisbon where comfort parameters (temperature and humidity) and indoor air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, CO2, CO, CH2O and VOC) were measured. Three gyms were selected to perform a deeper analysis consisting of longer measurement periods and more parameters, such as particle chemical composition and nanoparticle lung deposition. Measurements were performed during the occupation time, in the studios and in the bodybuilding room, in order to recognize daily patterns and to identify pollutant sources. The pollutants CO2, VOC and CH2O presented high concentrations exceeding the national limit values, while O3 and CO did not present concerning levels. Pollutant continuous measurements demonstrated increased levels of particles when the spaces were occupied during classes. Results indicated that it is crucial to optimize the HVAC systems, ventilation rates and occupants behavior in order to reduce the exposure to air pollutants in fitness centers and to potentiate the benefits of sport activities.

Keywords: - - - -

Conclusions

This paper conducted a comprehensive characterization of a vast array of indoor pollutants in 11 fitness centers and identified sources that compromise IAQ.

The high CO2 levels registered within this study and the calculated ventilation rates indicated that, in general, the fitness centers have insufficient ventilation, considering the type of activity that is preconized indoors. This fact influences the human perception of the space and gives the feeling of discomfort during the practice of sports. Taking into account that VOC spikes were observed during cleaning activities and that cleaning products are recognized as risk factors for respiratory health, low emitting agents and “green” practices should be adopted. The levels of particles were highly influenced by the intense indoor activities and by the type of ventilation. Results showed that the location of the air intakes and the efficiency of the air filtration are essential for the maintenance of a good IAQ.

Taking into account the unique characteristics of the fitness centers – intense indoor activities, large number of people who are more susceptible to air pollutants during exercise, insufficient ventilation and relatively small room sizes e there is a need to better assess the exposure and inhaled doses by gyms practitioners in order to minimize adverse health effects and to potentiate the benefits of the physical activity.

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