رئوس مطالب
- چکیده
- مقدمه
- نتایج و بحث
- نتیجه گیری
- بخش آزمایشات
- منابع
Abstract
We developed nanosized, reduced graphene oxide (nano-rGO) sheets with high near-infrared (NIR) light absorbance and biocompatibility for potential photothermal therapy. The single-layered nano-rGO sheets were ∼20 nm in average lateral dimension, functionalized noncovalently by amphiphilic PEGylated polymer chains to render stability in biological solutions and exhibited 6-fold higher NIR absorption than nonreduced, covalently PEGylated nano-GO. Attaching a targeting peptide bearing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif to nano-rGO afforded selective cellular uptake in U87MG cancer cells and highly effective photoablation of cells in vitro. In the absence of any NIR irradiation, nano-rGO exhibited little toxicity in vitro at concentrations well above the doses needed for photothermal heating. This work established nano-rGO as a novel photothermal agent due to its small size, high photothermal efficiency, and low cost as compared to other NIR photothermal agents including gold nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes.
Conclusions
We have developed biocompatible, reduced graphene oxide sheets for potential photothermal therapy. The average size of nano-rGO sheets was small, ∼20 nm afforded by sonication during covalent PEGylation. Chemical reduction of nano-GO afforded >6-fold increase in the NIR absorbance of the resulting nano-rGO, making it a highly NIR absorbing photothermal agent comparable to carbon nanotubes and gold-based nanomaterials. We demonstrated functionalization of nano-rGO by targeting ligands for selective cancer cell uptake and photothermal ablation in vitro. This work shall lead to systematic in vivo investigations of nano-rGO for photothermal treatment of tumor models in mice using low doses of nano-rGO at low laser powers.